Unit 4: Civil War and Reconstruction
Timeline
Click here for descriptions: http://www.capzles.com/b23d9bf0-4916-4453-9e6a-32cf2d1bbf4e
Trigger Words
Black Codes- Laws in the post-civil war South that essentially turned blacks into "wage slaves".
Compromise of 1850- A huge compromise in congress that was made along regional lines. It gave the North abolition of slave trading in D.C., CA was to be admitted into the Union, and territory that New Mexico and Texas gad been feuding over to New Mexico. The South received a stronger fugitive slave law, $10 million to Texas for the New Mexico land, and the remainder of the Mexican Cession was to be open to popular sovereignty.
Dred Scott- A black slave who tried to sue for his freedom after his master took him to a free state. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court, where it was struck down and the Court proclaimed that slaves were not citizens and thus had no rights.
Emancipation Proclamation- Made by President Lincoln after the battle of Antietam, the Emancipation Proclamation claimed that all slaves in the Confederate states were free, though not those in the union states. The Proclamation had little real impact.
Freeport Doctrine- Made by Senator Stephen Douglas in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, the Doctrine states that the people had the final say on slavery, not the Supreme Court.
Kansas-Nebraska Act- Also created by Douglas, the Kansas-Nebraska Act separated the Nebraska territory into Kansas and Nebraska, with each territory utilizing popular sovereignty to determine whether it was to be a slave state or not.
Know-Nothings- An anti-foreign and anti-catholic party named because of its secretiveness.
Ostend Manifesto- A document created by American diplomats in Europe that made up reasons for annexing Cuba from Spain to make it a slave state. When leaked, the Manifesto caused a huge uproar in the North that caused the plans to be scrapped.
Radical Republicans- The Radical Republicans in Congress, headed by Thaddeus Stevens and Benjamin Wade, insisted on black suffrage and federal protection of the civil rights of blacks. They gained control of Reconstruction in 1867 and required the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment as a condition of readmission for former Confederate states.
Reconstruction Plans- During the Reconstruction era (1865-1877), the resolution of two major issues--the status of the former slaves and the terms of the Confederate states' readmission into the Union--dominated political debate.
Wilmot Proviso- A bill introduced by David Wilmot of Pennsylvania that tried to keep the Mexican Cession states free states.
Compromise of 1850- A huge compromise in congress that was made along regional lines. It gave the North abolition of slave trading in D.C., CA was to be admitted into the Union, and territory that New Mexico and Texas gad been feuding over to New Mexico. The South received a stronger fugitive slave law, $10 million to Texas for the New Mexico land, and the remainder of the Mexican Cession was to be open to popular sovereignty.
Dred Scott- A black slave who tried to sue for his freedom after his master took him to a free state. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court, where it was struck down and the Court proclaimed that slaves were not citizens and thus had no rights.
Emancipation Proclamation- Made by President Lincoln after the battle of Antietam, the Emancipation Proclamation claimed that all slaves in the Confederate states were free, though not those in the union states. The Proclamation had little real impact.
Freeport Doctrine- Made by Senator Stephen Douglas in the Lincoln-Douglas Debates, the Doctrine states that the people had the final say on slavery, not the Supreme Court.
Kansas-Nebraska Act- Also created by Douglas, the Kansas-Nebraska Act separated the Nebraska territory into Kansas and Nebraska, with each territory utilizing popular sovereignty to determine whether it was to be a slave state or not.
Know-Nothings- An anti-foreign and anti-catholic party named because of its secretiveness.
Ostend Manifesto- A document created by American diplomats in Europe that made up reasons for annexing Cuba from Spain to make it a slave state. When leaked, the Manifesto caused a huge uproar in the North that caused the plans to be scrapped.
Radical Republicans- The Radical Republicans in Congress, headed by Thaddeus Stevens and Benjamin Wade, insisted on black suffrage and federal protection of the civil rights of blacks. They gained control of Reconstruction in 1867 and required the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment as a condition of readmission for former Confederate states.
Reconstruction Plans- During the Reconstruction era (1865-1877), the resolution of two major issues--the status of the former slaves and the terms of the Confederate states' readmission into the Union--dominated political debate.
Wilmot Proviso- A bill introduced by David Wilmot of Pennsylvania that tried to keep the Mexican Cession states free states.
Primary Sources
Marching Song of the First Arkansas
http://www.vlib.us/amdocs/texts/sable.htm The First Arkansas was a colored Union infantry regiment and their marching song explained the reasons for which they were fighting, including getting back at their former masters and using religion to justify their actions. The significance of this is that it shows that most of the blacks that joined the Union army were fighting for freedom and against slavery, not solely to save and preserve the Union. JM |
Proclamation of Thanksgiving
http://showcase.netins.net/web/creative/lincoln/speeches/thanks.htm In this document Abraham Lincoln tells the people that despite all the bloodshed around them that they need not fret. He emphasizes that no other institution has been disturbed besides the field of warfare. He reassures them that population has grown steadily despite all the losses and that almost every other business is flourishing greatly and that they should be very thankful, thus ordaining the last Thursday in November as Thanksgiving. The significance in this document is that this set the precedent for Thanksgiving to be observed as a national holiday, and now largely displaces some rumors. It shows his optimism and hope for the continuation of freedom, unity and peace even in the most dire situation imaginable. It shows his complete faith in the citizens of America. JT |
The Constitution of the Confederate States of America 1861
http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/documents/1851-1875/the-constitution-of-the-confederate-states-of-america-1861.php This document shows how ready and willing the south was on the matter of secession. This new Constitution would have ultimately separated themselves from the Union, and although with very little resources in which to provide political backing for this document, would have allowed the Southern economy to remain as is. This new document almost mirrors that of the original with nearly all of the main ideas except those regarding slavery, which in the Constitution of the Confederate States, were very clearly stated and put down any thought towards abolition. VJ |
Political CartoonLet's start off by saying that at the top it says, "The union as it was...the lost...worse than slavery" The man on the left represents the union while the KKK man represents the south. The slaves are in the middle because these two sides decide their fate, because blacks have no power. The fact that the KKK man represents the south expresses the general attitude of the south, racist! Both men have weapons and their joined hands are over the kneeling slaves showing their lack of superiority. The bones and skull shows that the ties of the sides, north and south is worse than slavery.
RG |